Kobulshohlar

Turkshohiylar sulolasi Kobulshohlar shohlik, imperiya
[[Alchon Hunlari|←]]   [[Nezak Hunlari|←]]   [[Eftallar|←]]   ← 665 — 822[1][2]. →   →   →
Ilk Turkshohiy hukmdori Barha Tegin tangasi[3], „Shoh Ranasrikari“ deb yozilgan (Brahmi yozuvida: „Sri Ranasrikari“, „Robbiy urush orqali mukammallikni beradi“), Turkshohiy tamgʻasi ham mavjud: . Bu realistik portretda shoh uzun ustki kiyim kiygan, uchta hilolli toj taqqan va tamgʻada turkiy mifologiyadagi afsonaviy boʻri boshi mavjud[4]. Oʻsha paytdagi Turklar ham Mongoloid irqida boʻlgan[5]. VII asr oxiri va VII asr boshlari[6][7][8]. Turkshohiylar tamgʻasi.
Poytaxti	Kobul (yozgi poytaxt), Udabhandapura (qishki poytaxt)
Til(lar)i	Baqtriya tili

Kobulshohlar (yoki Turkshohiylar) – milodiy VII—IX asrlarda Kobul va Kapisadan Gandharagacha hukmronlik qilgan gʻarbiy turkiylar sulolasi^[1][9][10]. Ular turkiylarning xalaj qabilasiga mansub boʻlgan boʻlishi mumkin^[11][12][13]. 560-yillardan boshlab Gʻarbiy turkiylar asta-sekin Movarounnahrdan janubi-sharqqa qarab kengayib, Baqtriya va Hindukush mintaqasini egallab, mustaqil davlatlarni tashkil qilishdi^[14]. Kobulshohlarni Toxaristondagi Gʻarbiy Turk Yabgʻularining siyosiy davomchisi deb atash mumkin^[9]. Hindikush mintaqasida ular Nezak hunlarini siqib chiqargan. Shuningdek Xioniylar yoki Hun xalqlaridan kelib chiqqan deb hisoblanadigan Baqtriya hukmdorlarining soʻnggi sulolasi ham edi^[9]. Ushbu sulolaning rasmiy tili xalaj tili ham boʻlishi mumkin chunki arab manbalaridan birida sulola yozishmalari haqida gap ketgan. Rutbil unvoni bilan hukmdorlik qilgan Gʻazna hukmdori va Kobulshoh oʻrtasidagi yozishmalar xalaj tilida yozilganligi qayd etilgan^[15]. Kobulshohlar sulolasi Sosoniylar imperiyasi Rashidun xalifaligi tomonidan bosib olingan paytda paydo boʻlgan. 250 yildan ortiq vaqt davomida Abbosiylar xalifaligining sharqqa qarab kengayishiga qarshilik koʻrsatib turgan va keyinchalik eramizning IX asrida Safforiylar sulolasi tomonidan bosib olingan^[16]. Kobuliston Kobulshohlar sulolasining markazi boʻlgan^[17].

1. ↑ ^{1,0 1,1} "Contained within a clay urn were a gold bracteate with the portrait of a ruler, three early drachms of the Turk-Shahis (Type 236, one of which is countermarked), and a countermarked drachm of the Sasanian king Khusro II dating from year 37 of his reign (= 626/7). The two countermarks on Khusro 's drachm prove that the urn could only have been deposited after 689"Alram 2014, ss. 282–285 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFAlram2014 (help)
2. ↑ Alram, Michael; Filigenzi, Anna; Kinberger, Michaela; Nell, Daniel; Pfisterer, Matthias „The Countenance of the other (The Coins of the Huns and Western Turks in Central Asia and India) 2012-2013 exhibit: 16. The Hindu Shahis in Kabulistan and Gandhara and the Arab Conquest“. Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna. 2021-yil 10-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2017-yil 22-iyul.
3. ↑ Kuwayama 1993, s. 394, Coin E.254. sfn error: no target: CITEREFKuwayama1993 (help)
4. ↑ Kuwayama 1993, s. 394, For a clear example of the wolf, see [1]. Also: . sfn error: no target: CITEREFKuwayama1993 (help)
5. ↑ Millward, James A.. Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang (en). Columbia University Press, 2007 — 31 bet. ISBN 978-0-231-13924-3. 
6. ↑ Göbl 1967, 254 ; Vondrovec type 254
7. ↑ Manba xatosi: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named KHM13
8. ↑ See coin 3 from the same ruler in Alram, Michael; Filigenzi, Anna; Kinberger, Michaela; Nell, Daniel; Pfisterer, Matthias „The Countenance of the other (The Coins of the Huns and Western Turks in Central Asia and India) 2012-2013 exhibit: 14. Kabulistan and Bactria at the Time of "Khorasan Tegin Shah"“. Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna. Qaraldi: 2017-yil 16-iyul.
9. ↑ ^{9,0 9,1 9,2} Manba xatosi: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HJK58
10. ↑ "The advance of Islamic forces both into Tokharistan in the north and into Zabulistan farther south was opposed by local rulers of probably Western Turkish identity" in Vondrovec, Klaus. „Coinage of the Nezak“ (inglizcha). 181-bet. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (yordam)
11. ↑ "The new rulers of Kabul, who according to me were Khalaj Turks, extended their rule over the former territory of the Kapisi kingdom [Kapisa to Gandhara], while a branch of them became independent in Zabulistan. A Korean monk Huichao (慧超) who visited these regions in the third decade of the 8th century, reported that both regions were ruled by the Turkish kings." Inaba, Minoru. „From Kesar the Kābulšāh and Cenral Asia“ (inglizcha). 443–444-bet. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (yordam)
12. ↑ Rezakhani, Khodadad. ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity (inglizcha). Edinburgh University Press, 15-mart 2017-yil — 165 bet. ISBN 978-1-4744-0030-5. „A Bactrian Document (BD T) from this period brings interesting information about the area to our attention. In it, dated to BE 476 (701 AD), a princess identified as `Bag-aziyas, the Great Turkish Princess, the Queen of Qutlugh Tapaghligh Bilga Sävüg, the Princess of the Khalach, the Lady of Kadagestan offers alms to the local god of the region of Rob, known as Kamird, for the health of (her) child. Inaba, arguing for the Khalaj identity of the kings of Kabul, takes this document as a proof that the Khalaj princess is from Kabul and has been offered to the (Hephthalite) king of Kadagestan, thus becoming the lady of that region. The identification of Kadagestan as a Hephthalite stronghold is based on Grenet's suggestion of the survival of Hephthalite minor stares in this region...“ 
13. ↑ „Ḵalaj i. Tribe – Encyclopaedia Iranica“. iranicaonline.org. Qaraldi: 15-yanvar 2021-yil.
14. ↑ "The period from 560 CE onwards would be that of the Western Turks, although it is not clear how and foremost when they gained power over Bactria and the Hindukush-region. Minoru Inaba states that „gradually having extended their power, they came to be independent …“" in Vondrovec, Klaus. „Coinage of the Nezak“ (inglizcha). 173-bet. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (yordam)
15. ↑ „ISTORIYa Toxaristanskix Yabgu i Teginshaxov Kabula“ (Rus). 2021. 53-bet. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (yordam)CS1 maint: unrecognized language ()
16. ↑ Alram, Michael. Sasanian Iran in the Context of Late Antiquity: The Bahari Lecture Series at the University of Oxford (inglizcha). BRILL, 1-fevral 2021-yil — 21 bet. ISBN 978-90-04-46066-9. 
17. ↑ „The Countenance of the other (The Coins of the Huns and Western Turks in Central Asia and India) 2012-2013 exhibit: 15. The Rutbils of Zabulistan and the "Emperor of Rome"“. Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna. 2-avgust 2017-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 22-iyul 2017-yil.